Evaluation of the Effect of Cow’s Milk Kefir on Serum Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) and Expression of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS) Gene in Liver Rats

TNF-α is a pro-inflammatory cytokine in insulin resistance. Cytokine-induced increase production by the iNOS pathway plays an important role diabetes. This study was designed to determine effect of cow's milk kefir as antidiabetic and expression gene. Twenty-five Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups. Group cow’s dose variation (50%, 75%, 100%). showed that levels DM control rat group higher compared other groups given treatment. The treatment (50%) had average content (146.3± 6.68) two 75% (169.9± 6.39) 100% (175.3± 4.66). There differences between (p=0.0013). gene healthy highest found M groupgiven 50% lowest kefir. weresignificant (p = 0.0019). significant difference treated form with Rats (positive controls) (p= 0.0048) Kefir (Positive (p=0.0128). shows there on expression.